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The name ‘fry’ comes from an Old Norse word (frío, freó, or fraé) meaning ‘seed’ or ‘offspring’. It also used to apply to other types of young, including humans. Fans of Shakespeare might _______________ the insult «young fry of treachery» used in Macbeth.

1. recollect
2. recombine
3. record
4. recognize

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Even if you lead a busy, hectic life, you should be able to find 15 minutes a day to read another chapter in your chosen book. As a(n) ____________________, you may want to start your day off by reading in bed, or you may be interested in reading a fun book on your daily commute to work on the bus or train.

1. illustration
2. pattern
3. example
4. symbol

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With more people turning their ___________ to messaging on social media apps, Mr Papworth sadly believes text messages are dying a slow death.

1. around
2. a profit
3. efforts
4. look

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The history of maritime travel has been relatively chicken-free, not to ____________ female-free in general. Cats have historically been the most popular onboard pets, as they’re useful for killing the mice and rats that stow away on sailing vessels and spread disease, chew ropes, sails, and woodwork, devour the crew’s rations, and damage the ship’s precious cargo.

1. count
2. mention
3. include
4. read

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Others feel that IQ tests measure only a limited part of a person’s total intelligence. Some believe high test scores have little to do with real genius. Genius is a bigpicture concept. Most scientific and medical inquiries, on the other hand, ______________ details. A concept as subjective as genius isn’t easy to quantify, analyze or study.

1. watch
2. stare
3. examine
4. research

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India in particular hosts many of the world’s most polluted cities. Another 70 million children living with very polluted air are in East Asia, mainly in China. However, more children are exposed to dangerously high air-pollution __________ in Africa than in East Asia. Altogether, 520 million African children are at risk.

1. grades
2. levels
3. stages
4. degrees

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«Not really. Human troubles are easily classified into a few main heads. There is ill health. There is boredom. There are wives who are in trouble __________________ their husbands.»

1. over
2. on
3. at
4. after

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Scientists expect robots that can think for themselves will be created in a few years. He added that there is a danger in robots, running important systems for humans being able to think and have feelings. They might decide they do not like working for humans. The solution is to make the machines ___________ about us people.

1. care
2. look
3. take
4. provide

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You needn’t be afraid that I’ll be crowding them, for their house is made ____________ rubber. When they have a lot of company, they just sprinkle tents about in the woods and turn the boys outside. It’s going to be such a nice, healthy summer exercising out of doors every minute.

1. of
2. from
3. with
4. out of

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Cook also described different types of sea ice. He saw the thick ice walls and ridges in the Arctic. He guessed that it ______________ years for the ice to build up.

1. got
2. took
3. made
4. had

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Danger is received by our brain, our nervous system kicks into gear. Our bodies are flooded with adrenaline. Our heart _______________, blood pressure and breathing increase. In some cases, we scream involuntarily or jump. Don’t worry, it’s all completely natural. It creates a different experience – screams mean fun and not fear.

1. quickness
2. rate
3. pace
4. speed

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Understanding exactly how the storm of 1674 __________, and carefully documenting the resulting damage, could prove useful for building structures that are suffi ciently robust against similar storm events.

1. developed
2. untwisted
3. expanded
4. walked

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The chocolate-covered version helps to temper the mint flavour. ______________ , for brave souls only, there’s even an extra-strong version. This is one cake that’s less dessert than fuel, functional rather than gourmet.

1. although
2. however
3. therefore
4. moreover

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This abundance in life is due in part to a downward current that resembles underwater snow, silently falling. New data __________ on this expedition has implications on fishing policy in the Antarctic and Marine Protection Areas in the region.

1. obtained
2. discovered
3. gathered
4. collected

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When tested one-and-a-half-hours later, the two groups showed strikingly different patterns of recall. The participants given the break remembered nearly 50% of their list, compared to an average of 28% for the group who had been given no time to recharge their mental batteries. The finding suggested that our memory for new information is especially delicate just after it has first been encoded, making it more susceptible __________ interference from new information.

1. with
2. to
3. on
4. from